***** FUN HOME FITNESS or GROUP EXERCISE EQUIPMENT *****
|
||||||||||||||||
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
|
FITNESS .comA
- Abduction
- move away from the midline
- Adduction
- to move toward the midline
- Adipose
- fatty
- Aerobic
- in the presence of oxygen
- Agonist
- a muscle whose contraction opposes the action of another muscle, its antagonist, which at the same time relaxes
- Ailment
- any bodily or mental disorder
- Alpha Lipoic Acid
- An antioxidant found in the body which helps maintain normal nerve function.
- Amino acid
- an organic compound containing nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen; the building block of protein.
- Anaerobic
- requiring no oxygen to live or grow.
- Angina pectoris
- chest pain due to insufficient blood supply and oxygen to the heart
- Anatomy
- the science of the structure of organs or organic beings.
- Antagonists
- a muscle that acts in opposition to an agonist or prime mover.
- Antioxidant
- Compound which neutralizes free radicals or prevents free radical-initiated chemical reactions.
- Anterior
- the front of an organ, part or being, the ventral surface.
- Aorta
- The main arterial vessel
- Atrophy
- a reduction in size or wasting away of an organ or cell resulting from disease or lack of use.
- Arteries
- carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
- Arteriosclerosis
- hardening and loss of elasticity of the artery wall.
- Arthritis
- inflamation of a joint(s).
- Atheroscierosis
- Fatty substance build-up on the inner lining of the arteries.
B
- Ballistic
- a bouncing movement using the force of gravity.
- Basal metabolic rate
- the lowest rate of metabolism while at a state of rest.
- Biceps
- two headed.
- Bilateral
- affecting two sides.
- Blood pressure
- Force exerted against the heart and blood vessel walls by the blood (systolic and diastolic).
- Body Composition
- percentages of muscle, fat, bone and other tissue that make up the body.
- Bone
- hard substance that makes the skeletal system.
- Bulk
- muscle mass
C
- Capillaries
- Small blood channels that are the endpoints at which blood/nutrient exchange takes place.
- Carbohydrates
- organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen with the hydrogen and oxygen present 2:1 ratio; 4Kcal/gram.
- Cardiovascular Fitness
- the ability of the heart, blood vessels, blood and respiratory system to supply oxygen to the muscles during sustained exercise.
- Cartilage
- Dense connective tissue that covers the joint surfaces of bones.
- Cellulite
- Subcutaneous fat (adipose tissue).
- Cholesterol
- Fatty substance that can accumilate inside tissues.
- Chondromalacia
- condition resulting from the wearing away of the back of the patella (kneecap)
- Concentric
- shortening of the muscle due to contraction.
- Coronary
- refering to the heart.
D
- Diastolic
- pressure on the arterial wall during the resting phase of a heartbeat.
- Distal
- furthest from the center or midpoint of a limb structure.
- Dorsal
- pertaining to the back; posterior.
E
- Eccentic
- motion where there is a controlled lengthening of the muscle during its contraction.
- Ectomorph
- Thin body type.
- Edema
- swelling due to abnormal fluid accumulation.
- Endomorph
- Rounder, higher fat body build.
- Endorphins
- Natural chemical released by the body during vigorous exercise.
- Extension
- movement that increases the angle between bones.
F
- Fixator
- a muscle acting to immobilize a joint or a bone; fixes the origin of prime movers so that muscle action can be exerted at the insertion.
- Fascia
- fibrous tissue covering the muscle
- Flexibility
- is the range of motion available in a joint.
- Flexion
- bending; the movement that decreases the angle between bones.
- Fracture
- breaking of a bone.
G
- Genetics
- the science of heredity.
H
- Hamstring muscles
- the posterior thigh muscles: biceps femoris, semimembranosus and semitendinosus.
- Heart
- A four chamber, muscular organ that pumps blood through the body.
- HDL
- high density lipoprotein - cholesterol
I
- Illness
- disease, indisposition, sickness
- Invert
- to turn inward.
- Isokinetic
- type of contraction where the speed of movement is fixed and resistance varies with the force exerted.
- Isometric
- contraction of a muscle against an immovable force.
- Isotonic
- muscle contraction where tension is equal throughout the range of motion.
J
K
L
- Lactic acid
- chemical produced by cells during exercise when there is an insufficient supply of oxygen.
- Lateral
- away from the midline of the body.
- Ligament
- a band or sheetlike fibrous tissue connecting bones or parts.
- Lipid
- group of fatty acids stored by the body.
- LDL
- low density lipoprotein - cholesterol
- Lumbar curve
- specific area of the lower back comprised of 5 vertebrae that form a curve.
M
- Maximum heart rate
- maximum allowable heart rate. MHR=220-Age
- Medial
- toward the midline of the body.
- Metabolic rate
- the energy expended by the body per unit time.
- Metabolism
- the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body.
- Muscular Endurance
- ability of the muscles to repeatedly exert themselves.
N
O
- Obese
- excessive fat; women-30% or more body fat; men-20% or more
P
- Patella
- the kneecap.
- Physiology
- the science of the functions of organic beings
- Plantar
- pertaining to the sole of the foot.
- Posterior
- pertaining to the back; dorsal view.
- Prone
- lying face down in a horizontal position.
- Protagonist
- Muscles working together to create a certain movement.
- Proximal
- toward the attached end of a limb or the origin of a structure.
- Protein
- nutrient comprised of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and hydrogen. 4 Kcal/gram.
- Pulmonary
- having to do with the lungs or lung tissue.
Q
R
- Rotator cuff
- four intrinsic muscles of the shoulder responsible for arm rotation and keeping the humerus in the glenoid fossa.
S
- Saturated fats
- hydronated fat
- Static
- position held with no movement
- Strength
- the ability to move an external force or to lift a heavy object.
- Synergist
- a muscle cooperating with another to produce a movement neither alone can produce.
- Systolic
- blood pressure on the artery wall during heart contraction.
T
- Target heart rate
- 60-80% of the MHR; exercise training zone.
- Tendon
- a band of dense fibrous tissue forming the termination of a muscle and attaching the muscle to bone.
U
V
- Vascoconstriction
- decrease in blood vessel diameter.
W
X
Y
Z
Copyright © HEALTH and